查看“WLAN overview”的源代码

本文介绍了WLAN框架的组成方式，配置方法以及使用方法。

== Purpose ==

无线局域网（WLAN）是一种无线计算机网络，它使用无线通信链接两个或多个设备以在有限的区域内形成局域网（LAN），例如家庭，学校，计算机实验室，校园，办公楼等。 这使用户能够在该区域内四处移动，但仍可以连接到网络。通过网关，WLAN还可以提供与更广泛的Internet的连接。<br />
Linux<sup>&reg;</sup> 无线子系统包含两个主要模块：cfg80211和mac80211，它们帮助WiFi驱动程序与内核的其余部分和用户空间建立接口。 <br />
特别是，cfg80211在内核中提供配置管理服务。它还通过nl80211在内核和用户空间之间提供管理接口。 <br />
软MAC（soft MAC）设备和完整MAC设备都需要与cfg80211一起使用。 Mac80211是仅支持软件MAC设备的驱动程序API<br />

WLAN可以在许多不同的用例中使用，如[[#How to use WLAN|How to use WLAN]]部分所述：
* 如何在客户端模式下配置无线接口： [[How to configure a wlan interface on client mode|How to configure a wlan interface on client mode]]
* 如何在热点模式下配置无线接口：[[How to configure a wlan interface on hotspot mode|How to configure a wlan interface on hotspot mode]]

==System overview==
[[File:wlan_overview.png|thumb|center|766px|link=|alt=Alternate text|WLAN Overview]]

===Description of the components===
''从用户空间到硬件''
*'''应用''' (用户空间)
有许多使用WLAN的应用程序：例如Internet浏览器，
流应用程序，FTP应用程序。

*'''WLAN工具''' (用户空间)
有一组实用程序可以管理WLAN网络： [[Network_tools| Network tools]]

*'''CFG80211 API''' (内核空间)
cfg80211<ref>[https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/developers/Documentation/cfg80211], cfg80211</ref> 是Linux中的IEEE 802.11<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11], IEEE_802.11</ref> 设备的配置API。<br />
- 它桥接了用户空间和驱动程序，并提供了与IEEE 802.11相关的某些实用程序功能。<br />
-Linux中的所有现代无线驱动程序都必须通过mac80211直接或间接地使用它，以便它们通过nl80211提供一致的API<ref>
[https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/developers/Documentation/nl80211], nl80211</ref>.<br />
- 它与 Netlink<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netlink], Netlink</ref> socket 连接。

*'''MAC80211框架''' (内核空间)
MAC80211是Linux内核的一个子系统，它实现了软MAC/半MAC无线共享代码<ref>[https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/developers/Documentation/mac80211], mac80211</ref>

*'''WLAN配套驱动程序''' (内核空间)
WLAN配套驱动程序注册和控制WLAN设备。

*'''MMC框架：MMC核心''' (内核空间)
'''MMC内核”'确保与MultiMediaCard（'''MMC'''）嵌入式<ref>[https://www.jedec.org/standards-documents/technology-focus-areas/flash-memory-ssds-ufs-emmc/e-mmc MultiMediaCard], MultiMediaCard规范安全数字（'''SD'''）</ref> / <ref>[https://www.sdcard.org/ Secure Digital], </ref> / 安全数字规范安全数字输入/输出（'''SDIO ''')<ref>[https://www.sdcard.org/ Secure Digital Input Output], 安全数字输入输出规范</ref>.<br />
MP1和WLAN设备之间的通信链接是SDIO总线。

*'''SDMMC驱动程序''' (内核空间)
有关更多信息，请参阅 [[MMC overview]] 

*'''STM32: SDMMC''' (硬件)
有关更多信息，请参阅 [[MMC overview]]

*'''外部设备''' (硬件)
WLAN配套芯片

===APIs description===

MAC80211是新的无线驱动程序API，它为soft-MAC / half-MAC无线设备实现共享代码<ref>[https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/developers/Documentation/mac80211], mac80211</ref>

cfg80211<ref>[https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/developers/Documentation/cfg80211], cfg80211</ref> 是IEEE 802.11的新驱动程序配置API<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11], IEEE_802.11</ref>  在Linux中<br />

==Configuration ==
默认情况下，在ST传送中不会激活WLAN API。 要激活它，可以使用Linux Menuconfig工具： [[Menuconfig or how to configure kernel | Menuconfig or how to configure kernel ]] 然后选择：

对于网络功能：
<pre>
[*] Networking support  --->  
    [*] Networking options  --->
        [*] Packet socket 
        [*] TCP/IP networking
          [*] IP: kernel level autoconfiguration
            [*] IP: DHCP support
            [*] IP: BOOTP support
            [*] IP: RARP support
        [*] INET: socket monitoring interface
        [*] The IPv6 protocol
        [*] DNS Resolver support
    [*]   Wireless  --->
        [*]   cfg80211 - wireless configuration API
                [*]   cfg80211 wireless extensions compatibility
        [*]   Generic IEEE 802.11 Networking Stack (mac80211)
</pre>

例如，如果配套芯片是Murata芯片1DX<ref>[http://wireless.murata.com/datasheet?/RFM/data/lbee5kl1dx.pdf], 1DX</ref>
<pre>
[*] Device Drivers  --->
    [*]   Network device support  --->
        [*]   Wireless LAN  --->
             [*]   Broadcom devices
                [*]   Broadcom FullMAC WLAN driver
</pre>

对于STM32 SDMMC：
请参阅[[MMC_overview#Kernel_configuration | SDMMC configuration]]

===Device tree===
DT绑定文档处理所有必需的或可选的 [[Device tree|device tree]] 属性。

STM32外设的详细DT配置： [[WLAN device tree configuration|WLAN device tree configuration]].

== How to use WLAN ==

=== How to use the WLAN user space interface ===
请根据以下用例查看示例：
* 如何设置wifi连接： [[How_to_setup_wifi_connection|How to setup wifi connection]]
* 如何在客户端模式下配置无线接口： [[How to configure a wlan interface on client mode|How to configure a wlan interface on client mode]]
* 如何在热点模式下配置无线接口： [[How to configure a wlan interface on hotspot mode|How to configure a wlan interface on hotspot mode]]

==How to trace and debug the framework==
=== How to monitor ===
请给出说明以帮助开发人员/用户在Linux文件系统中获取有关此框架的信息。
==== How to watch link quality ====
Proc文件系统提供有关Quality链接的信息：
 {{Board$}} cat /proc/net/wireless 
 Inter-| sta-|   Quality        |   Discarded packets               | Missed | WE
 face | tus | link level noise |  nwid  crypt   frag  retry   misc | beacon | 22
 wlan0: 0000    0     0     0        0      0      0      0      0        0

STAT示例：
 {{Board$}} watch -d -n 3 "iw dev wlan0 station dump; iwconfig wlan0; cat /proc/net/wireless"

 Every 3.0s: iw dev wlan0 station dump; iwconfig wlan0; cat /proc/net/wir...  stm32mp1: Sun Nov  4 16:32:52 2018
 
 Station 00:16:b6:2c:47:36 (on wlan0)
        inactive time:  0 ms   
        rx bytes:       11001
        rx packets:     37
        tx bytes:       13077
        tx packets:     83
        tx failed:      0
        signal:         -72 [-72] dBm
        tx bitrate:     12.0 MBit/s
        rx bitrate:     1.0 MBit/s 
        authorized:     yes
        authenticated:  yes
        associated:     yes
        WMM/WME:        no
        TDLS peer:      yes
        DTIM period:    1
        beacon interval:100
        short preamble: yes
        short slot time:yes
        connected time: 55 seconds
 wlan0     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:"NETWORK1"
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.462 GHz  Access Point: 00:16:B6:2C:47:36
          Bit Rate=12 Mb/s   Tx-Power=31 dBm
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Encryption key:off
          Power Management:on
          Link Quality=38/70  Signal level=-72 dBm
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0
 
 Inter-| sta-|   Quality        |   Discarded packets               | Missed | WE
 face | tus | link level noise |  nwid  crypt   frag  retry   misc | beacon | 22
 wlan0: 0000   38.  -72.  -256        0      0      0      0      0        0

=== How to trace ===

本部分以村田芯片（Murata chip）为配套芯片为例

==== How to verify than the WLAN driver is well probed ====
* 在dmesg日志中，检查“ brcmfmac”日志 :
<pre>
[   67.306154] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: Firmware version = wl0: Aug  6 2017 23:19:25 version 7.45.98.30 (r666241 CY) FWID 01-f0b000
[   67.326146] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: CLM version = API: 12.2 Data: 7.11.15 Compiler: 1.24.2 ClmImport: 1.24.1 Creation: 2014-05 
[   67.676323] brcmfmac: brcmf_cfg80211_reg_notifier: not a ISO3166 code (0x30 0x30)
</pre>

==== How to debug the WLAN driver ====

===== Add dynamic debug firmware traces =====

需要在内核配置中激活：CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG，有关动态调试的更多信息请参阅 [[How_to_use_the_kernel_dynamic_debug]]

 # cd /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/

检查用于管理固件的所有功能：

<pre>
# cat control | grep firmware
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:339 [firmware_class]__fw_free_buf =_ "%s: fw-%s buf=%p data=%p size=%u\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:462 [firmware_class]fw_set_page_data =_ "%s: fw-%s buf=%p data=%p size=%u\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:1102 [firmware_class]_request_firmware_prepare =_ "using built-in %s\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:290 [firmware_class]__allocate_fw_buf =_ "%s: fw-%s buf=%p\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:1194 [firmware_class]_request_firmware =_ "firmware: %s loading timed out\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:423 [firmware_class]fw_get_filesystem_firmware =_ "loading %s failed with error %d\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:429 [firmware_class]fw_get_filesystem_firmware =_ "direct-loading %s\012"
</pre>

在所有固件功能中添加打印信息“ + p”（p：导致将printk（）消息发送到dmesg）
 # echo "file drivers/base/firmware_class.c +p" > control

现在，在所有固件功能中都添加了“ p”选项。

<pre>
# cat control | grep firmware
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:339 [firmware_class]__fw_free_buf =p "%s: fw-%s buf=%p data=%p size=%u\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:462 [firmware_class]fw_set_page_data =p "%s: fw-%s buf=%p data=%p size=%u\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:1102 [firmware_class]_request_firmware_prepare =p "using built-in %s\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:290 [firmware_class]__allocate_fw_buf =p "%s: fw-%s buf=%p\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:1194 [firmware_class]_request_firmware =p "firmware: %s loading timed out\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:423 [firmware_class]fw_get_filesystem_firmware =p "loading %s failed with error %d\012"
drivers/base/firmware_class.c:429 [firmware_class]fw_get_filesystem_firmware =p "direct-loading %s\012"
</pre>

===== FMAC debug =====

====== Enable debug features in the defconfig file ======

* 启用CPTCFG_BRCMDBG和CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
* 重新构建内核

====== Enable brcmfmac debug log ======

* 消息级别在' '''drivers/net/wireless/broadcom/brcm80211/brcmfmac/debug.h'''中列出
<pre>
/* message levels */
#define BRCMF_TRACE_VAL 0x00000002
#define BRCMF_INFO_VAL 0x00000004
#define BRCMF_DATA_VAL 0x00000008
#define BRCMF_CTL_VAL 0x00000010
#define BRCMF_TIMER_VAL 0x00000020
#define BRCMF_HDRS_VAL 0x00000040
#define BRCMF_BYTES_VAL 0x00000080
#define BRCMF_INTR_VAL 0x00000100
#define BRCMF_GLOM_VAL 0x00000200
#define BRCMF_EVENT_VAL 0x00000400
#define BRCMF_BTA_VAL 0x00000800
#define BRCMF_FIL_VAL 0x00001000
#define BRCMF_USB_VAL 0x00002000
#define BRCMF_SCAN_VAL 0x00004000
#define BRCMF_CONN_VAL 0x00008000
#define BRCMF_BCDC_VAL 0x00010000
#define BRCMF_SDIO_VAL 0x00020000
#define BRCMF_MSGBUF_VAL 0x00040000
#define BRCMF_PCIE_VAL 0x00080000
#define BRCMF_FWCON_VAL 0x00100000
</pre>

 $ modprobe brcmfmac debug=${BRCMF_Message_Level}
 $ dmesg -n 8

====== Examples ======
* 添加TRACE和INFO
 $ modprobe brcmfmac debug=0x6

* 添加TRACE，INFO和SDIO
 $ modprobe brcmfmac debug=0x20006

* 添加TRACE，INFO和WIFI_FW_LOG
 $ modprobe brcmfmac debug=0x00100006

====== How to check wlreg_on status and voltage setting ======
 $ cat /sys/kernel/debug/regulator/regulator_summary

==Source code location==

源文件位于Linux内核中。

*'''Broadcom WLAN驱动程序''': of.c<ref>[https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/tree/drivers/net/wireless/broadcom/brcm80211/brcmfmac/of.c
],of.c</ref>

==References==
<noinclude><references /></noinclude>